Crackcast & Physicians As Humans On Canadiem

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 103, Headache Disorders. This chapter covers an approach to headaches, including the red flags and key history questions to clinch the diagnosis.

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 102, Seizures. This can be a challenging complaint to diagnose without collateral, but recognition and treatment is critical for patient and public safety. This chapter covers the various etiologies of seizure and their management - both acutely and in the community.

This episode covers chapter 101 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. Its a gooder... Stroke! All things brain badness, so come have a listen or take a gander at the shownotes.

This (centennial!) episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 100, Gynecologic Disorders. This chapter covers the common presentation of pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding in the emergency department, including can't miss life or organ diagnoses.

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 99, Urological Disorders. This episode will cover a selection of urological disorders commonly seen in the ED along with key steps in management. Episode Overview UTI’s in Adults Prostatitis Renal Calculi Bladder (Vesical) Calculi Acute Scrotal Pain Acute Urinary Retention Hematuria

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 98, Sexually Transmitted Infections. This chapter covers an overview of the various sexually transmitted infections commonly seen in the ED, as well as their management.

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 97, Renal Failure. This chapter covers an approach to acute and chronic kidney injuries, including causes, complications and treatments.

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 96, Anorectal Disorders. These complaints are sensitive in nature and are not easily volunteered by patients. A sensitive and thorough history is necessary to help resolve these complaints that can be devastating to quality of life.   What are risk factors for the develop of symptomatic haemorrhoids? Describe 4 degrees of internal hemorrhoids and indicated management options Describe the management of non-thrombosed external haemorrhoid & thrombosed external hemorrhoids List causes of fissures. Which type of fissure is suspicious for underlying disease? Describe the treatment of anal fissures – 5 options Which conditions are associated with the development of abscesses and fistulas? List 5 types/sites of anorectal abscess. Which can be drained in ER? What is a pilonidal cyst? How do you treat it? List 8 causes of fecal incontinence. List 8 causes of pruritus ani Describe 6 rectal STI’s and their management List conditions associated w

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 95, Large Intestine. This chapter covers a number of pathologies affecting the large colon, including their associated risk factors & complications.     List features that are typical for IBS. (Describe the Rome IV criteria and list 4 medications used to treat irritable bowel syndrome - show notes) What is the pathophysiology of diverticular disease? List clinical presentations of diverticular disease. How is diverticular disease managed in the ED? Which patients should be admitted to hospital? List 3 complications. List the types and potential causes of large bowel obstruction. What are the four types of GI volvulus? What are the risk factors for developing each type? List the extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD. What are the pathologic and clinical differences between UC and Crohn’s?  List 4 categories of medical therapy for IBD and give one example for each. Describe the radiologic features of toxic megacolon. What the potential c

This episode covers Chapter 94 of Rosen’s Emergency Medicine 8th edition (look at chapter 84 for the 9th edition). Have you ever seen gastroenteritis? If you haven't, its probably because you aren't in emergency medicine yet... but once you are... you will.  Listen to this post to get ready for the brown winter.     Describe a general approach or investigation and management for suspected infectious diarrhea in the following groups: Non-bloody diarrhea Bloody Diarrhea What are the 4 most common causes of infectious diarrhea? List 4 pathogens that a special test needs to be requested to diagnose in addition to stool C+S, O+P. Describe common infectious patterns and risk factors for each of the following Campylobacter Salmonella Shigella Yersinia Vibrio parahaemolyticus Enterohemorrhagic E. coli List 6 causes of bloody diarrhea and 5 features of illness that suggest invasive E.coli List causes of toxin-induced bacterial enteritis: 4 performed toxins, 4 in-which toxins are produced after colonization. For

This podcast covers Chapter 93 of Rosen's 8th Edition Emergency Medicine (or Chapter 83 if you've got the new-shiny 9th edition). All hail to the appendix. The pluto of our organs. List 8 ddx for appendicitis List 5 causes of acute appendiceal obstruction and describe the pathophysiology of appendicitis including pain location List 5 PEX findings in appendicitis. Describe how the presentation of appendicitis is different in peds, pregnant women, and elderly. List 2 advantages and disadvantages each for CT and US in the diagnosis of appendicitis. What is the sensitivity/specificity of ↑WBC Describe a clinical pathway for the diagnosis and management of appendicitis. When are antibiotics indicated?     Wisecracks: 1) Which patient groups present atypically 2) Describe the Alvarado Score and the Ped for Appendicitis 3) What are U/S findings of appendicitis?      

This episode of CRACKCast covers Rosen’s Chapter 92 for the 8th Edition (Chapter 82 9th Edition), Small Intestine. This chapter covers the various pathologies, diagnoses and treatments of the Small Intestine.   List types of mechanical bowel obstruction. What are potential etiologies of mechanical bowel obstruction? List causes of functional small bowel obstruction. List 5 lab tests useful in the dx of SBO. What findings are expected on AXR? On CT? Describe the acute management of SBO. What are the potential complications of a small bowel obstruction? List the 4 primary types of mesenteric ischemia. For each describe 4 associated factors/etiologies. Describe the classic presentation of acute mesenteric ischemia? How is mesenteric ischemia diagnosed? List 4 lab abnormalities expected in acute mesenteric ischemia. List 5 findings on AXR. What is the management approach for the different types of mesenteric ischemia? Wisecracks: 1.What is an adynamic ileus? List at least 5 causes. 2.Which patients with SBO sh

This episode covers Chapter 91 of Rosen’s Emergency Medicine 8th edition (or Chapter 81 of the 9th edition).   List 10 ddx for pancreatitis List 10 causes of pancreatitis. Which are most common in adults? Which one is most common in pediatrics? Describe 6 management priorities in acute pancreatitis. What are the early, late and chronic complications of pancreatitis? Describe Ranson’s criteria and Atlanta criteria List causes of chronic pancreatitis. What is the best diagnostic tool? What 4 findings can be seen? Describe the management of chronic pancreatitis (6 priorities)? What is the 5 year survival of pancreatic cancer? Describe typical clinical findings. How is it diagnosed? What is the management?   Wisecracks: Specifically list 10 drug causes. List 5 causes of false-positive amylase elevation. List 4 peripancreatic/local complications of pancreatitis that may be visualized on CT

This episode covers Chapter 80 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine 9th edition. (Yes the new edition). Building on previous episodes (see fever, Jaundice and abdo pain), today we take a look at all things right upper quadrant badness.   1) List 8 ddx for hepatitis   2) Complete the following table for Hepatitis A, B & C: Transmission, Risk Factors, Carrier State, Acute Infection, Previous Infection, Chronic Infection, Prev Vaccine, Transmission Risk, Vaccine.   (show notes: What is hepatitis E? Where is it commonly found (geographically)? What is the significance of hepatitis D?)   3) Describe the post-exposure prophylaxis for exposure to HepA, HepB, HepC   4) Compare the expected lab work in acute viral hepatitis vs EtOH hepatitis   5) What liver diseases are associated with alcohol abuse? What non-hepatic conditions are associated with alcohol abuse? Describe the management of EtOH hepatitis   6) List 6 stigmata of chronic liver dz and list 3 complications   7) How is are chronic cirrhosis and ascites managed

This episode covers Chapter 89 of Rosen’s Emergency 8th edition (or chapter 79 of 9th edition). Great review of some old concepts already presented, add a few spritzers of new stuff.     List the the types of dysphagia. What is an ED approach to this condition? What are 4 areas of narrowing in the esophagus that FBs get stuck? List 8 causes of esophageal obstruction & List 3 therapies for a food bolus. What are the indications for removal of an esophageal foreign body? What are the indications for removal of a gastric foreign body? List 6 causes of esophageal perforation – where does the perforation usually happen? List 4 CXR findings of esophageal perforation and 3 other studies that can be performed. What is the ED management of a patient with esophageal perforation? List causes of esophagitis. List 10 agents or conditions associated with GERD and list 3 complications of GERD List 6 lifestyle modifications for someone with GERD and 3 medical therapies List 6 causes of gastritis an

This Episode covers Chapter 88 (or 78 in 9th edition) of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. PE and DVT. Jeff Kline wrote this chapter, so you knows its a gooder!    List 8 DDx for DVT Describe management of superficial thrombophlebitis + isolated calf thrombosis How is the d-dimer test used in the diagnosis of DVT? List 8 causes of an elevated D-dimer What are the Wells criteria for DVT? Describe how to use this score. Describe diagnostic approach of suspected DVT How is a proximal lower limb DVT managed? What are the common causes of upper limb DVT? How are upper limb DVTs managed? List 10 classic risk factors for PE What are the classifications of PE? List 4 ECG + 2 CXR findings consistent with PE What are the Wells criteria for PE? Describe how to use this score. What is the PERC rule? How is it used? Which imaging tests can be used to diagnose PE? List advantages and disadvantages of each. List indications for thrombolysis in PE, what is the risk of ICH? What are the absolute and relative contraindications for

This episode covers Chapter 87 of Rosen’s Emergency Medicine   What is an atheroma and how is it formed? What are the classic symptoms of arterial insufficiency? Provide a differential diagnosis for chronic arterial insufficiency. What is blue toe syndrome? What is its significance? Differentiate between thrombotic and embolic limb ischemia based on clinical features What is the management of an acutely ischemic limb? List three disorders characterized by abnormal vasomotor response. Describe Raynaud's disease and how it’s treated? What is the most common site for arterial aneurysm in the leg? List four potential sites for upper extremity aneurysms, and their associated underlying causes. Name three types of visceral aneurysms and their associated conditions. List 6 ddx of occluded indwelling catheter + describe the management of suspected line infection. What are the two types of AV fistulas used for dialysis? How do you access an AV fistula? List 5 complications of dialysis fistulas + treatment List the 3

This episode covers Chapter 86 of Rosen’s Emergency Medicine. AAAs are our Great-White-Buffalo in emergency medicine. You need to know this!    List six presentations of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Compare Aneurysm and Pseudoaneurysm List common misdiagnoses in patients with ruptured AAA List three common early and delayed complications of AAA repair List common delayed complications of Endovascular repair     Wisecracks:   What to do about the intact, asymptomatic aneurysm?    

This episode covers chapter 84 of Rosen's Emergency Medicine. All the little nuggets of medical goodness you wanted to know about hypertension related emergencies. Define the three classes of hypertension relevant to emergency medicine practice List 10 possible etiologies for hypertension. What is the pathophysiology of target-organ damage? How does hypertensive encephalopathy occur? List 6 hypertensive emergencies; their management goals; the optimal agents for BP control and any relevant caveats List five intravenous antihypertensive medications and their mechanism of action. Describe the ER management of poorly controlled HTN Wisecracks: What are the management targets / indications for treatment in the following pts: 57 yo male with ICH and no signs of ↑ ICP. 39 yo female with SAH in the ED. 22 yo female with eclampsia. 66 yo female with ACS. 57 yo male with aortic dissection. 62 yo female with ICH, ↓ GCS, shift on CT scan.